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| On the cover: The rising in the popularity of big data, artificial intelligence, and simulation technologies has opened up new opportunities for the development of our society. The close integration of real and artificial societies has become a trend, bringing in novel concepts such as parallel society and metaverse. The artificial society system describes, predicts, and guides the real society system, in a closed-loop, iterative, and spiral-rising way, forming a new mode of social operation driven by Data-AI-Simulation techniques. In the future, with the further development of interdisciplinary cooperation and the continuous advancement of technologies, living in metaverse is within reach. |
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| Position: Home > issue > September 13, 2022 Volume 3, Issue 5 |
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| From "organs on a chip" to "patient on a chip" |
Category: Commentary Download:  PDF  Figure  Endnote |
| Author: Qimanguli Saiding, Jingyun Ma, Chunhai Ke, Wenguo Cui |
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Multi-organ tissue chip system
The increasing cost of drug safety is attributed to the inappropriate pre-clinical models with unrepresentative pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profiles that blur drug efficacy and toxicity. Moreover, the commercial drugs designed by impromper disease models could cause potential multi-organ side effects. Even worse, in some cases, unqualified drug screening is the cause of unexpected hospitalization in clinical. These urgent yet unsolved issues push scholars to reform monolayer cell culture and traditional animal models for drug validation.
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