Giant-thermopower ionogels for multifunctional energy harvesting through molecularly selective ionic pairing and hydrogen bonding

Yisi Yin; Shangchao Lin; Ziyao Xu; Zhemin Wang; Ting Tan; Changying Zhao

doi:10.59717/j.xinn-energy.2024.100048

The Innovation Energy > 2024 Vol. 1 > No. 4 > 100048

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Giant-thermopower ionogels for multifunctional energy harvesting through molecularly selective ionic pairing and hydrogen bonding

1.
Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
2.
China-UK Low Carbon College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 201306, China
3.
State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
4.
These authors contributed equally

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Corresponding authors: shangchaolin@sjtu.edu.cn (S. L.); changying.zhao@sjtu.edu.cn (C. Z.)
Received Date: August 01, 2024

Accepted Date: October 08, 2024

Published Online: November 18, 2024

The Innovation Energy 1(4), https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-energy.2024.100048 | Cite this article

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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PUBLIC SUMMARY

PUBLIC SUMMARY
1. Giant thermopowers in ionogels are achieved by synergistically modulating ionic pairing and hydrogen bonding.
  
  Ion pairs by Coulombic and H-bonds by Lewis acid-base interactions are characterized by FTIR, NMR, and Raman.
  
  Ionogel thermoelectric supercapacitor is assembled for low-grade heat recovery with 101 mV/K thermopower.
  
  A self-powered, highly sensitive and stable i-TE ionogel thermal sensor is demonstrated upon light-induced heating.
  
  Thermoelectric ionogels yield 113% increase in the output voltage of a conventional triboelectric nanogenerator.

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

Ionogels are emerging multifunctional materials for low-grade energy conversion and storage due to their high thermopowers, low costs, and facile productions. However, the thermoelectric synergy between ion-ion and polymer-ion interactions at the molecular level remains unexplored. Here, thermopower of ionogels composed of PVDF-HFP and EMIM:TFSI are enhanced from 5.3 to 21.2 mV/K by molecularly tailoring Coulombic and Lewis acid-base interactions. First, doping the ionogels with sodium bis(trifluoro-methylsulfonyl) imide (Na:TFSI) can greatly improve the thermopower. This improvement is ascribed to the stronger Coulombic interactions between the doped Na⁺ and TFSI^-, which selectively induces the formation of [Na:(TFSI)_n]^1–n contact ion pairs, blocks the migration of TFSI^-, and increases the difference in mobilities between EMIM⁺ and TFSI^–. Second, large amounts of hydrogen bonds are selectively formed between the terminal hydroxyl groups (-OH) in the added polyethylene glycol (PEG) and EMIM⁺. The Lewis acid-base interaction between the O˙ with lone-pair electrons in -OH of PEG and the acidic protons in EMIM⁺ is critical in promoting the heat of transport of EMIM⁺, which further increases the thermopower. In terms of applications, we demonstrate the potential of ionogels in multifunctional energy harvesting with high thermovoltages, including thermoelectric supercapacitors, highly sensitive thermal sensors, and thermoelectric ionogel-based triboelectric nanogenerators. Overall, this work offers molecular insights into Coulombic and Lewis acid-base interactions for enhancing thermopowers of ionogels, also broadening their applications in low-grade energy harvesting and self-powered electronic devices.
- thermodiffusion effect /
- ionogel /
- thermopower /
- ionic thermoelectric supercapacitor (ITEC) /
- ionic thermal sensor /
- ionogel-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG).

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Yin Y., Lin S., Xu Z., et al., (2024). Giant-thermopower ionogels for multifunctional energy harvesting through molecularly selective ionic pairing and hydrogen bonding. The Innovation Energy 1(4): 100048. https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-energy.2024.100048

Yin Y., Lin S., Xu Z., et al., (2024). Giant-thermopower ionogels for multifunctional energy harvesting through molecularly selective ionic pairing and hydrogen bonding. The Innovation Energy 1(4): 100048. https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-energy.2024.100048

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Giant-thermopower ionogels for multifunctional energy harvesting through molecularly selective ionic pairing and hydrogen bonding

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Giant-thermopower ionogels for multifunctional energy harvesting through molecularly selective ionic pairing and hydrogen bonding

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