Engineered extracellular vesicles for ischemic stroke treatment

Systemic administration of biologically engineered EVs for ischemic stroke

Nanotechnology-based therapeutic strategies have been proven effective in diseases including cancer, infection, inflammation, etc. However, the application of nanotechnology is greatly restricted in the treatment of central nervous system (CNS) disorders due to physiological CNS barriers. For example, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) can be the “Maginot line” for pharmacologically active molecules, blocking them out of the CNS. Besides, the neuroinflammation and non-directional differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) during neurological disorders could also affect neuronal activity and even produce fibrotic scars, thus hindering the CNS regeneration process.