Comprehensive overview of plant development: Morphogenesis above ground
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GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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PUBLIC SUMMARY
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Plant development determines agronomic traits.
Plant development is the basis for domestication.
Whole life-cycle plant development illustration facilitates smart breeding and intelligent cultivation.
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ABSTRACT
Plant development is a serial and dynamic process that encompasses various stages, from embryogenesis to senescence, influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. This review provides an in-depth exploration of the mechanisms underlying plant growth and development, highlighting key morphogenesis processes such as photomorphogenesis, plant growth, shoot branching, floral transition, flower development, fruit development and reproductivity specification. We delve into the molecular genetics of plant development, focusing on regulator and signaling pathways that govern critical developmental events. Furthermore, we discuss the role of phytohormones, including auxins, cytokinins, gibberellins, abscisic acid, and ethylene, in regulating developmental transitions. The interaction between plants and their environment, particularly light, temperature, and nutrient availability, is also examined, emphasizing how these external cues impact developmental pathways. Overall, this comprehensive overview offers insights into the intricate interplay between genetic programs and environmental stimuli in shaping plant architecture and life cycle, which will facilitate smart breeding and intelligent cultivation. -
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Li X., Liu R., Chen S.-Y., et al. (2025). Comprehensive overview of plant development: Morphogenesis above ground. The Innovation Life 3:100172. https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-life.2025.100172
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Li X., Liu R., Chen S.-Y., et al. (2025). Comprehensive overview of plant development: Morphogenesis above ground. The Innovation Life 3:100172. https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-life.2025.100172
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Figure 1.
Light signaling pathways regulating photomorphogenesis in Arabidopsis
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Figure 2.
Genetic network regulating plant height
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Figure 3.
Genetic networks regulating shoot branching
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Figure 4.
Regulated transition of flowering via new FTG Screening of flowering time genes (FTG) is never stopped
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Figure 5.
Development and evolution of flowers
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Figure 6.
Developmental processes and GRNs involving in the gynoecium and fruit development
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Figure 7.
Gametophytic development and fertilization in Arabidopsis
