Tackling climate and industrial challenges: Sustainable porous carbon materials for CO2 mitigation and applications
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GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
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PUBLIC SUMMARY
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Sustainable porous carbon materials (PCMs) from renewable precursors with low carbon emissions.
Energy-efficient carbonization and green activation lower environmental impacts and costs.
Life cycle assessment guides eco-friendly PCM design for CO2 capture, conversion, and utilization.
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ABSTRACT
The escalating climate crisis necessitates a shift towards sustainable practices in synthesizing and utilizing porous carbon materials (PCMs), which are vital for CO2 capture and utilization. However, traditional PCMs synthesis often involves fossil fuel-derived precursors, energy-intensive processes, and hazardous agents, raising environmental concerns. This review focuses on sustainable PCMs strategies with low carbon emissions, emphasizing renewable precursors like biomass and waste biochar as alternatives to fossil fuels. It also explores energy-efficient carbonization techniques and green activation methods, highlighting pathways to environmentally benign PCMs synthesis. A dedicated life cycle assessment section offers a comprehensive view of the environmental impact from inception to disposal. The review also examines the applications of PCMs in carbon capture and storage, addressing challenges and future prospects. This critical analysis serves as a roadmap for researchers and practitioners aiming to develop low-carbon-emission materials and advance PCMs synthesis in line with environmental sustainability. -
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Zada I., Shen H., Li Y., et al. (2025). Tackling climate and industrial challenges: Sustainable porous carbon materials for CO2 mitigation and applications. The Innovation Materials 3:100165. https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-mater.2025.100165
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Zada I., Shen H., Li Y., et al. (2025). Tackling climate and industrial challenges: Sustainable porous carbon materials for CO2 mitigation and applications. The Innovation Materials 3:100165. https://doi.org/10.59717/j.xinn-mater.2025.100165
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Figure 1.
Summary of the typical primary categories of sustainable biomass sources, including plant biomass, animal biomass, and biomass waste as renewable feedstocks with a low carbon footprint.
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Figure 2.
Energy efficient carbonization of biomass for sustainable PCMs
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Figure 3.
LIG and microwave-assisted pyrolysis of biomass for sustainable PCMs
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Figure 4.
Sustainable modification of PCMs using green activation agents and templates
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Figure 5.
LCA of biomass-derived carbons for sustainable production and carbon neutrality
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Figure 6.
PCMs for enhanced CO2 adsorption and capture
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Figure 7.
PCMs for electrochemical CO2 reduction and sequestration
