Absorption Thermal Battery: A Rising Frontier for Efficient Thermal Utilization and Renewable Integration

Zhixiong Ding; Yunren Sui; Wei Wu

doi:10.59717/ipj.energy-use.2025.100002

Energy Use > 2025 Vol. 1 > No. 1 > 100002

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Absorption Thermal Battery: A Rising Frontier for Efficient Thermal Utilization and Renewable Integration

1.
School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
2.
City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
3.
These authors contributed equally

Fund Project: This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 52322812 and No. 52476019), the Shenzhen Science and Technology Program (JCYJ20230807114905012 and JCYJ20240813153108012), and the Research Grants Council of Hong Kong (CityU 11218922).

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Corresponding author: Wei Wu Email:weiwu53@cityu.edu.hk
Received Date: August 22, 2025

Accepted Date: September 11, 2025

Published Online: September 25, 2025

Energy Use 1(1), https://doi.org/10.59717/ipj.energy-use.2025.100002 | Cite this article

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PUBLIC SUMMARY

PUBLIC SUMMARY
1. Evolution of thermodynamic cycles enhancing energy storage density, efficiency, and adaptability.
  
  Development of novel absorbent-refrigerant pairs like ionic liquids and deep eutectic solvents.
  
  Experimental validation of ATB prototypes and integration into real-world applications for low-carbon energy.

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT

Absorption thermal batteries (ATBs) have emerged as a promising thermal energy storage technology capable of converting surplus low-grade heat into dispatchable heating and cooling outputs. By decoupling energy storage from temperature via concentration gradients, ATBs offer unique advantages over traditional sensible and latent heat storage systems, including low thermal losses, high energy storage density (ESD), and flexible output forms. This work provides a comprehensive overview of the recent progress in ATB research across three key dimensions. First, we examine the evolution of thermodynamic cycle designs—from basic configurations to advanced cycles— highlighting their impact on ESD, energy storage efficiency (ESE), and adaptability under varying thermal conditions. Also, some regulation strategies for stabilizing the discharging rate to improve the temporal flexibility and user-aligned performance of ATBs have been analyzed. Second, we explore the development of novel absorbent-refrigerant working pairs, focusing on emerging candidates such as ionic liquids (ILs) and deep eutectic solvents (DES), and discuss how data-driven molecular design approaches may accelerate breakthroughs in material discovery. Third, we review the experimental validation of ATB systems, summarizing the design, performance, and challenges of existing prototypes. Finally, we identify critical research directions for advancing ATBs toward real-world deployment: expanding experimental validation of advanced cycles, leveraging artificial intelligence for tailored working pair discovery, and integrating ATBs into application-driven contexts such as electronics and data center cooling, building HVAC, and cold-chain logistics. These efforts will be vital to realizing ATBs as a core solution for resilient and low-carbon thermal energy systems.
- Absorption thermal battery /
- Thermal energy storage /
- Advanced cycle /
- Novel working fluid /
- Renewable energy

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Ding Z., Sui Y. and Wu W. (2025). Absorption Thermal Battery: A Rising Frontier for Efficient Thermal Utilization and Renewable Integration. Energy Use 1:100002. https://doi.org/10.59717/ipj.energy-use.2025.100002

Ding Z., Sui Y. and Wu W. (2025). Absorption Thermal Battery: A Rising Frontier for Efficient Thermal Utilization and Renewable Integration. Energy Use 1:100002. https://doi.org/10.59717/ipj.energy-use.2025.100002

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Absorption Thermal Battery: A Rising Frontier for Efficient Thermal Utilization and Renewable Integration

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